International Commission of Jurists
Russian Federation: Independence and impartiality; Judicial integrity and accountability

Russian Federation: Court structure

Jun 16, 2014

Russia has a two-tiered court system with federal courts, and regional courts (or ‘courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation’).{{1}} The federal courts are:{{2}} Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation; First and second instance courts in the subjects of...
Russian Federation: Independence and impartiality; Judicial integrity and accountability

Swaziland: Constitutional structure

Jun 16, 2014

Under the 2005 Constitution, the King remains the hereditary Head of State.{{1}} The Constitution provides for a Legislature in the form of a Parliament, consisting of a Senate and a House of Assembly.{{2}} Executive authority vests in the King, and he may exercise it...
Russian Federation: Independence and impartiality; Judicial integrity and accountability

Swaziland: Legal tradition

Jun 16, 2014

Swaziland has a dual legal system, comprised of both a Roman-Dutch based common law system applied in common law or civil courts and a traditional Swazi law and custom based system applied in Swazi National Courts.{{1}} Swaziland gained independence from Great Britain...
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