Sep 19, 2012 | News
The ICJ has noted with grave concern reports that the National Director of Public Prosecutions in DRC has given an instruction urging senior members of the National Bar Association to dismiss Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye Tanayi.
The President of the National Bar, Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye is known to persistently denounced attacks on the independence of the judiciary by the Executive and has often exhorted the lawyers in the ongoing Chebeya case to discharge their duties without any fear or favour.
It is significant to note on or around 12 July 2012, intelligence service officers carried out searches at Bâtonnier Mbiye’s home and chambers without search warrants, and proceeded to confiscate his computers on allegations that he is linked with the M23 rebel movement.
As we release this document, senior members of the National Bar Association are reportedly going to meet in a few hours and discuss the possible removal of Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye from the leadership of the National Bar Association, as instructed by the Procureur Général de la République (PGR, the National Director of Public Prosecutions).
The ICJ considers that PGR’s interference with the running of the affairs of the Bar Association and the persecution of Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye constitute a blatant violation of the independence of individual lawyers as well as of the legal profession as a whole, as provided for by the UN Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers and the Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Fair Trial and Legal Assistance in Africa.
The instruction given to senior bar members also seriously undermines the independence of the judiciary, which is guaranteed by the Constitution of DR Congo, as well as at international level by Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Article 26 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, to which DR Congo is a State party.
The ICJ observes that the independence of lawyers is essential for the protection and promotion of the rule of law and human rights in a constitutional democracy. This independence requires that lawyers be subject to self-regulation, which is free from improper and undue interference, and observes principles of professional ethics.
Self-regulation ensures the protection of every one’s right to independent lawyers who adhere to legal principles, which uphold the rule of law and respect for human rights. For members of the public to access justice, they need the assurance that when requiring legal representation in any matter, including those against the state, they will be represented will be represented by lawyers who serve the interests of justice without fear or favour.
“Interference of the state’s prosecutorial authority in the affairs of the legal profession can only weaken the rule of law and human rights, and erode public confidence in the justice system. In any constitutional democracy, senior bar members cannot be instructed even to hold a meeting, let alone to dismiss their leader.”, commented Arnold Tsunga, Director of the ICJ Africa Regional Programme.
The ICJ strongly urges the Procureur Général de la République to desist from interfering with the affairs of the Bar Association and put an end to persecutions against Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye.
The ICJ also exhorts senior Bar members to reject PGR’s instructions and resist any unwarranted manipulation of the Bar Association.
Further, the ICJ calls upon competent Congolese authorities to ensure at all times that the Bar Association, its leaders and members of the legal fraternity are able to discharge their duties without fear or threat of reprisals.
Contact:
Johannesburg: Linda Mtshali, Associate Legal Advisor, ICJ, Africa Regional Programme, t +27 11 024 8268; e-mail: linda.mtshali(at)icj.org
Geneva: Ilaria Vena, Associate Legal Advisor, ICJ, Centre for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers, t +41 22 979 38 27; e-mail: ilaria.vena(at)icj.org
DRC-Persécution contre le bâtonnier-press release-2012-french (full text in PDF)
Photo credit: Radio Okapi/John Bompengo
Sep 19, 2012 | Communiqués de presse, Nouvelles
La CIJ est profondément préoccupée d’apprendre que le Procureur Général de la République (PGR) en République Démocratique du Congo (RD Congo) a donné des injonctions aux membres du Conseil de l’Ordre du Barreau National de suspendre le Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye Tanayi, Président de l’Ordre National des Avocats.
Le Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye est connu pour sa persistance dans la dénonciation des attaques à l’indépendance de la justice par l’Exécutif en RD Congo et pour avoir souvent exhorté les avocats des parties, dans l’affaire Chebeya en cours, à prester leurs services sans crainte ni faveur.
Il est important de noter qu’en date du 12 juillet 2012 ou du moins autour de cette dernière, des agents du Service de Sécurité ont opéré des perquisitions au cabinet et au domicile du Bâtonnier Mbiye sans mandats de perquisition, et confisqué ses ordinateurs sur base d’allégations qu’il serait en connivence avec le mouvement rebelle du M23.
Tandis que nous publions ce document, il nous revient que les membres du Conseil National de l’Ordre se réunissent dans quelques heures pour délibérer sur l’éventuelle suspension du Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye en tant que Président de l’Ordre National des Avocats, comme ordonné par le PGR.
La CIJ considère que l’interférence du PGR dans la gestion des affaires du Barreau et la persécution du Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye constituent une violation avérée des Principes Fondamentaux relatifs à l’Indépendance de la Magistrature, des Nations Unies, et des Principes et Directives sur le Droit à un Procès Equitable et à l’Assistance Judiciaire en Afrique.
L’injonction faite aux membres du Conseil de l’Ordre sapent aussi sérieusement l’indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire, garantie par la Constitution de la RD Congo et l’article 14 du Pacte International relatif aux Droits Civils et Politiques et l’article 26 de la Charte Africaine des Droits de l’Homme et des Peuples, auxquels la RD Congo est un État-partie.
La CIJ fait remarquer que l’indépendance des avocats est essentiel pour la protection et la promotion de l’état de droit et des droits humains dans une démocratie constitutionnelle. Cette indépendance exige que les avocats soient soumis à une autorégulation, qui devrait être exempte de toute ingérence irrégulière et injustifiée, et se conformer aux principes de l’éthique professionnelle.
L’autorégulation assure la protection du droit de chacun à des avocats indépendants qui adhèrent aux principes juridiques qui sous-tendent l’état de droit et le respect des droits humains. Pour que les membres du public aient accès à la justice, ils ont besoin d’assurance que, lorsque qu’ils auront besoin de représentation judiciaire dans n’importe quelle affaire, y compris celles contre l’État, ils seront représentés par des avocats qui servent la cause de la justice sans crainte ni faveur.
« L’interférence de l’autorité de poursuites publiques dans les affaires de la profession d’avocat ne peut qu’affaiblir l’état de droit et le respect des droits humains, et miner la confiance du public dans le système de justice. Dans toute démocratie constitutionnelle, l’on ne peut même pas enjoindre aux membres du Conseil de l’Ordre de tenir une réunion, et encore moins à suspendre leur président. », commente Arnold Tsunga, Directeur du Programme Régional Afrique de la CIJ.
La CIJ prie instamment le Procureur Général de la République à s’abstenir de s’immiscer dans les affaires du Barreau et à mettre fin aux persécutions contre le Bâtonnier Mbuyi Mbiye. La CIJ exhorte aussi les membres du Conseil de l’Ordre à rejeter les instructions du PGR et à résister à toute manipulation du Barreau.
De plus, la CIJ demande aux autorités congolaises compétentes d’assurer, en tout temps, que le Barreau, ses dirigeants et les membres de la fraternité juridique sont en mesure de s’acquitter de leurs devoirs sans crainte ou menace de représailles.
Contact:
Johannesburg: Linda Mtshali, Conseillère Juridique Adjointe, CIJ, Programme Régional Afrique, t +27 11 024 8268; e-mail: linda.mtshali(a)icj.org Genève: Ilaria Vena, Conseillère Juridique Adjointe, CIJ, Centre pour l’Indépendance des Magistrats et des Avocats, t +41 22 979 38 27; e-mail: ilaria.vena(a)icj.org
DRC-Persécution contre le bâtonnier-press release-2012-french (Communiqué de presse complet en PDF)
Photo credit: Radio Okapi/John Bompengo
Sep 19, 2012 | News, Publications, Reports, Trial observation reports
A new report by the ICJ says there have been multiple violations of human rights in the arrest and trial of Azimzhan Askarov, a prominent Kyrgyz human rights defender.
Sep 16, 2012
On 14-15 September 2012, the ICJ participated in the Tunisian “Open Dialogue with Civil Society”, organized by the National Constituent Assembly (NCA).
The ICJ took the opportunity to present key recommendations to ensure constitutional and other legal guarantees for an independent, impartial and accountable judiciary in Tunisia. The ICJ therefore called on the NCA to:
- Ensure constitutional and legal provision for an independent High Judicial Council, with full competence to oversee the judiciary;
- Adopt a Statute of Magistrates that ensures the independence and impartiality of judges and guarantees their conditions of service, appointment, mandate, promotion and discipline, in accordance with international standards;
- Guarantee, in the Constitution and the law, the independence of the Office of the Public Prosecutor, including by ending the authority and control of the Minister of Justice over prosecutors;
- Limit the jurisdiction of military tribunals only to military offences and military personnel; and
- End the jurisdiction of military courts and military prosecutors to investigate and rule on cases involving violations of human rights, including those involving the armed and security forces.
The ICJ’s legal memorandum The Reform of the Judiciary in Tunisia, which examines the current legal framework governing the judiciary and contains a detailed set of recommendations for ensuring an independent judiciary in line with international law and standards, was submitted to the NCA (see below).
For more information:
Saïd Benarbia, Middle East & North Africa Senior Legal Adviser, ICJ, t +41 22 979 3817; e-mail: said.benarbia@icj.org
TUNISIA-Legal memo-legal submission-2012 (full text, PDF)
TUNISIA-Legal memo-legal submission-2012-french (full text, PDF)
Sep 13, 2012 | Events
In the margins of the UN Human Rights Council 21st regular session, the ICJ held today a high-level discussion on the role of judges and lawyers in transition.
The ICJ side event discussed the role of, and challenges faced by, judges and lawyers in transition, especially as this relates to the promotion and enjoyment of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence.
Panellists included Pablo de Greiff, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, Judge Stefan Techsel, Judge Ad Litem at the ICTY, and Govinda Sharma, senior advocate from Nepal.
HRC21-J&LinTransition-flyer-Event-2012 (full text in PDF)
