International Commission of Jurists
Russian Federation: Constitutional structure

Russian Federation: Constitutional structure

Jun 16, 2014

The Russian Federation is a federal democratic republic.{{1}} Its federal sub-entities, called “subjects of the Russian Federation”, are republics, territories, regions, cities of federal importance, autonomous regions and autonomous areas.{{2}} The Russian Federal...
Russian Federation: Constitutional structure

Russian Federation: Financial independence of the judiciary

Jun 16, 2014

At the institutional level, international standards make clear that it is the duty of the State to provide adequate resources to enable the judiciary to properly perform its functions.{{1}} As a safeguard of judicial independence, the courts’ budget shall be prepared...
Russian Federation: Constitutional structure

South Sudan: International treaty status

Jun 16, 2014

As of 12 June 2014, South Sudan was a party to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their two Additional Protocols,but had yet to become a party to any of the corpus of UN human rights treaties. [table] ,Ratification accession or succession International Covenant on...
Russian Federation: Constitutional structure

South Sudan: Accountability of the prosecutorial services

Jun 16, 2014

Like all members of the legal profession, prosecutors must carry out their roles with integrity and in accordance with the law and in a manner that is consistent with human rights and established standards of prosecutorial conduct. And like other legal professionals...
Russian Federation: Constitutional structure

South Sudan: Appointment and promotion of judges; Security of tenure

Jun 16, 2014

To safeguard the independence of the judiciary and the rights to equality before the law and equal access to the profession, international standards clarify that judges should be appointed though an open process on the basis of prescribed criteria that are based on...
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