Nov 18, 2016 | Agendas, Events, News
Today, the ICJ holds a round table discussion in Tashkent, Uzbekistan on “Comparative Perspectives on Judicial Ethics”.
The event takes place as part of the Central Asian Forum Expert Forum organized by the Organisation for Cooperation and Security in Europe (OSCE) in Tashkent this year.
International standards, and national standards of judicial ethics in Uzbekistan in other countries will be discussed at the event.
Participants will discuss questions of judicial independence, impartiality and accountability and disciplinary mechanisms.
Speakers at the event include Justice Ketil Lund (photo), an ICJ Commissioner and a former judge of the Supreme Court of Norway, Justice Tatiana Andreyeva, professor of law and a former Judge of the High Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation, as well as a representative of the Uzbekistan judiciary.
Legal practitioners and experts from across the Central Asian region will attend the event.
uzbekistan-side-event-tashkent-events-agenda-2016-rus (Agenda in Russian, PDF)
Nov 17, 2016 | Événements, Multimédia, Nouvelles
7ème Forum annuel de juges et avocats à Genève, 17-18 Novembre 2016
Le septième Forum annuel de juges et avocats, qui aura lieu à Genève les 17 et 18 novembre 2016, réunira juges et avocats provenant du monde entier, ainsi que les agences des Nations Unies concernées à Genève, afin de discuter du rôle des juges et des avocats dans les situations de déplacements massifs de réfugiés et de migrants.
Les participants réfléchiront aux défis pratiques, juridiques et de nature politique soulevés par les mouvements contemporains de réfugiés et de migrants actuels, perçus comme exceptionnels par leur ampleur et leur rapidité.
Les situations particulières considérées visent notamment celles en Europe (avec des personnes venant principalement de et par l’Afrique du Nord et le Moyen-Orient, y-compris la Syrie, l’Erythrée, l’Irak et l’Afghanistan); des Amériques (y-compris des personnes se rendant aux États-Unis d’Amérique depuis l’Amérique centrale et l’Amérique du Sud); en Asie (en particulier concernant les Rohingyas à travers l’Asie du Sud-Est, ainsi que les pratiques migratoires impliquant l’Australie et le Pacifique); et à l’intérieur et en provenance de parties de l’Afrique sub-saharienne.
Dans la plupart de ces situations, les protections juridiques disponibles et les rôles respectifs des pouvoirs exécutif, législatif et judiciaire pour la garantie de ces protections, ont fait l’objet de débats.
Les autorités du monde entier ont été confrontés au défi de s’assurer qu’en toutes circonstances, les individus puissent avoir accès à des procédures équitables et effectives vis-à-vis toutes décisions clés relatives à leurs droits et intérêts tels que: les déterminations relatives au droit d’une personne à la protection internationale, notamment les déterminations relatives au statut de réfugié; les décisions concernant la détention ou les poursuites pénales fondées sur l’entrée ou à la présence d’une personne dans le pays; et les décisions concernant l’expulsion ou le transfert ultérieur.
Dans certains cas, les gouvernements se sont radicalement éloignés des procédures ordinaires. Le cadre de « crise » ou d’« urgence » a été de plus en plus invoqué, parfois, afin de réduire les protections et garanties judiciaires et l’accès à la justice.
Le Forum entend se concentrer en particulier sur le rôle des juges et des avocats dans la garantie des droits procéduraux des individus dans de telles situations, et dans l’examen de la constitutionnalité et de la légalité internationale des législations, politiques et pratiques nationales pertinentes.
Les participants au Forum seront invités à analyser les cadres juridiques et des politiques ainsi que les pratiques en la matière aux niveaux national, régional et universel, et à formuler des recommandations sur le rôle spécifique des juges et des avocats dans ces situations, y-compris, à l’égard des pouvoirs exécutif et législatif.
Le principal résultat du Forum sera un ensemble de Principes sur le rôle des juges et des avocats dans les situations de mouvements massifs de réfugiés et de migrants. Les Principes seront élaborés par la CIJ, et ils ne seront pas être attribués aux participants du Forum.
Ces Principes viseront à compléter le Guide des praticiens de la CIJ n°6 de 2011 sur la migration et le droit international des droits de l’Homme.
fr-programme-2016gf-09-11-2016 (Texte complet en PDF)
Nov 14, 2016
In a new report published today in three languages, the ICJ finds systemic weaknesses in the legal profession in Azerbaijan have undermined its independence, leading to harassment of independent lawyers and preventing them from playing their role in the protection of human rights.
The report Defenseless Defenders: Systemic Problems in the Legal Profession of Azerbaijan concludes that the internal problems in the organization of the legal profession undermine its independence.
It finds that the Bar Association does not act as a self-governing institution of lawyers that protects the independence of the profession or upholds high ethical standards.
Its subsidiary bodies are not elected in a timely manner and the Bar Association does not use the tools of self-regulation which it has at its disposal.
There are serious failings of transparency and accountability to its members.
The report identifies problems in the qualification procedure for lawyers which suffers from a lack of objective criteria for evaluation and has resulted in an acute shortage of lawyers in the country.
The disciplinary procedure is a particularly weak point for the legal profession and is abused as a means of harassment of lawyers.
The report documents multiple cases of harassment of lawyers, contrary to international law and international standards on the independence of the legal profession.
It makes recommendations to address these problems, based on an analysis of international human rights law and standards.
It also emphasizes that the independence and role of lawyers must be respected by all institutions of government: executive, legislative and judicial, and by all public authorities.
The report recommends that the Bar Association should reconsider its role of the governance of the profession, and should initiate, through a consultation process, a reform based on the principle of independence and high ethical standards of the profession.
The qualification process should ensure that there is a sufficient number of lawyers to uphold the principle of access to justice and an effective remedy for violations of human rights.
In regard to the disciplinary procedure it must be fair, objective and should aim to support the independence of lawyers in Azerbaijan; it should not be used for any purposes other than ensuring high professional standards, integrity and independence of lawyers.
The report is available in Azeri, English and Russian and can be downloaded below.
azerbaijan-systemic-problems-legal-prof-publications-reports-mission-reports-2016-eng (English, PDF)
azerbaijan-systemic-problems-legal-prof-publications-reports-mission-reports-2016-rus (Russian, PDF)
azerbaijan-systemic-problems-legal-prof-publications-reports-mission-reports-2016-aze (Azeri, PDF)
Nov 14, 2016
The ICJ has published a translation of its Practitioner’s Guide N°1 International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors.
This is the first comprehensive analysis of the existing standards and compilation of universal and regional instruments published in Turkmen.
The Guide outlines the roles to be played by a strong legal profession, an independent judiciary and an impartial and objective prosecuting authority.
Part one of this guide provides an analysis of the law and concrete examples drawn from international practice. Part two includes relevant global and regional standards on the topic.
References to international decisions, reports, texts of treaties and other international standards allow the Guide to be used as a reference book by legal practitioners and policy makers.
Turkmenistan-PG N°1-Publications-Practitioners’ Guide Series-2016-TKM (full guide in Turkmen, PDF)
Nov 14, 2016
Prime Minister Najib Razak should withdraw proposed amendments to Malaysia’s Legal Profession Act 1976 because they will undermine the independence of the Malaysian Bar and its governing body, the Bar Council, said ICJ today in a letter together with other human rights organizations.
The amendments, which will be introduced when Parliament opens in October, seek to allow the Minister in charge of legal affairs to appoint two members of the Bar Council.
Furthermore, they aim to restrict the eligibility for leadership positions to those elected by the Bar Council by the various State Bars, thereby severely limiting those who can stand for office.
Should these amendments take effect, the current president and vice-president and the leaders of the State Bar committees will be precluded from any leadership role in the Bar Council.
“These amendments appear to be another attempt to muzzle an independent institution that has consistently been vocal in its defense of the rule of law and human rights in the country,” said Sam Zarifi, ICJ’s Regional Director for Asia and the Pacific.
“The Malaysian Bar and its governing body, the Bar Council, are more important than ever to help protect the rights of people and the rule of law, especially during this critical time in Malaysia when these are imperiled,” he added.
The UN Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers (UN Basic Principles) guarantees the right to freedom of association of lawyers.
It specifically provides that “lawyers shall be entitled to form and join self-governing professional associations to represent their interests.” Furthermore, the UN Basic Principles provide that the governing bodies of professional associations of lawyers “shall be elected by its members and shall exercise its functions without external interference.”
“These amendments follow other efforts by the government to undermine the Malaysian Bar’s independence and prevent its members from engaging critically in upholding the standards of professional integrity and independence,” Zarifi said. “This move seems part of the Malaysian government’s efforts to stifle civil society and silence critical voices.”
The ICJ urges the government of Malaysia to respect the independence of the Malaysian Bar and its governing body, the Bar Council, and not pass these proposed amendments to the Legal Profession Act 1976.
The letter to Prime Minister Najib Razak was signed by ICJ, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, International Federation for Human Rights, Civil Rights Defenders, the Asia Democracy Network, Fortify Rights, Lawyers’ Rights Watch Canada, and the ASEAN Parliamentarians for Human Rights.
Background
Early this year, Malaysian authorities commenced sedition investigations against members of the Malaysian Bar after a motion was passed by a majority vote during the institution’s 70th Annual General Assembly calling for the resignation of Attorney General Tan Sri Mohamed Apandi Ali.
The Malaysian Bar demanded the resignation of the Attorney General after he summarily ended the investigation of alleged corruption by the Prime Minister. A month after, a proposal was made by parliamentarian Datuk Datu Nasrun Datu Mansur to make the Attorney General automatically the chairman of the Bar Council.
The ICJ has denounced these efforts, pointing out that these are inconsistent with the essential guarantees for the functioning of an independent legal profession under the UN Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers.
Contact
Emerlynne Gil, ICJ’s Senior International Legal Adviser for Southeast Asia, t: +66840923575 ; e: emerlynne.gil(a)icj.org
malaysia-ngo-letter-on-lpa-amend-advocacy-open-letters-2016-eng (full text of letter, in PDF)
