The ICJ has joined with more than 35 other international and African NGOs, calling on states to address the ongoing deterioration of the human rights situation in Tanzania, at the upcoming session of the UN Human Rights Council in June.
Read the letter here.
The recommendations published today follow the Conference on the Independence of the Legal profession held by the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ), the Council of Europe (CoE) Office in Baku and the Azerbaijan Bar Association (ABA) in Baku, on 15-16 November 2018.
The Conference created much-needed space for a dialogue on the issue of independence of lawyers in Azerbaijan with both national and international stakeholders, as lawyers from Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, the Russian Federation, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom and Uzbekistan shared their experiences and good practices in addressing challenges to the independence of lawyers. Drawing on the discussions at the Conference, and taking into account key findings of the ICJ report of 2016 “Defenceless Defenders: Systemic Problems in the Legal Profession of Azerbaijan” as well as more recent legislative and administrative developments, the ICJ makes recommendations aimed at strengthening the role and independence of lawyers and improving access to justice in Azerbaijan. The recommendations are informed by international law and standards on the role of lawyers and cover four main aspects: adequacy of the number of lawyers to ensure access to justice; the examination procedure for qualification as a lawyer; professional ethics of lawyers and disciplinary proceedings against lawyers.
Today, the ICJ, together with the General Prosecutor’s Office of Uzbekistan, UNODC and OHCHR are holding the first regional meeting of prosecutors from Central Asia and the Russian Federation to discuss international law and standards in the field of extradition, mutual legal assistance, the rule of law and human rights.
The workshop aims to facilitate exchange of experiences regarding the law and practice of extradition in European and Central Asian countries. Presentations at the workshop will analyse international law and standards on effective criminal justice co-operation and the protection of human rights in extradition, and their application in practice..
The workshop will present cases of mutual cooperation in the field of criminal law from national courts as well as from international mechanisms such as the European Court of Human Rights, the UN Committee against Torture and the UN Human Rights Committee.
The workshop is taking place in Tashkent (Uzbekistan) and is hosted by the Prosecutor General’s Office of Uzbekistan.
More than twenty prosecutors from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan the Russian Federation Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan are participating in the event that includes international experts from UNODC, ICJ, including ICJ Commissioner and Emeritus Spanish Supreme Court Justice, José Antonio Martin Pallin, and Italian Prosecutor Lorenzo Salazar.
The ICJ concluded a research mission on the independence of the judiciary in Tajikistan on 3 May. Following the mission, the ICJ expressed concerns about the independence of individual judges as well as the functioning of judicial institutions and procedures in law and in practice.
The mission included ICJ Commissioner Justice (ret.) Martine Comte of the Orleans Court of Appeal (France) and ICJ Secretary General Saman Zia-Zarifi.
The ICJ spoke with a wide cross-section of stakeholders, including senior government officials, numerous former judges, senior advocates and working lawyers, as well as journalists and members of civil society. The ICJ will provide its findings in a final mission report that will set out include key recommendations to help Tajikistan meet its international obligations.
Among other things, the ICJ mission discussed recent initiatives to reform the judiciary, including the Judicial Reform Programme of 2019-2021 which has been recently been adopted by the President of Tajikistan, and which provides an opportunity to strengthen judicial independence.
The ICJ mission gathered information about the newly formed Qualification Commission for qualification and disciplinary procedures for judges. This replaced the Council of Justice, which had been criticized by international observers for its lack of independence.
Although formally established under the Supreme Court, the Qualification Commission consists predominantly of members of the executive with only two out of seven members being representatives of the judiciary.
Multiple lawyers and former judges expressed serious concerns about the right to a fair trial in criminal proceedings, pointing in particular to the extremely low acquittal rate for suspects. It appears that numbers of acquittals have declined over several decades and that acquittals are now extremely rare.
The ICJ also received complaints that pubic access to court hearings is impeded in practice despite clear legal provision for the public nature of court proceedings, with limited exceptions. Members of the public were said to be generally unable to attend court hearings freely where they are not parties to the proceedings.
Furthermore, the ICJ heard that judicial decisions are generally not available to members of the public unless they are participants in the proceedings.
The ICJ wishes to express its gratitude to everyone who contributed to the successful conduct of the mission, including State, inter-State and non-State organisations and bodies which the ICJ met and communicated with.
The ICJ wishes to stress its appreciation of the support provided by the OSCE Office in Dushanbe and the United Nationals Human Rights Office.
On 27 and 28 April 2019, the ICJ held a workshop on “Ensuring accountability through the Specialized Criminal Chambers” in coordination with the Association des Magistrats Tunisiens (AMT).
Participants in the workshop included 28 Tunisian judges attached to the Specialized Criminal Chambers (SCC).
The workshop aimed to reinforce the capacity of SCC judges to effectively exercise their role in adjudicating crimes under international law, in line with international law and standards.
ICJ legal advisers and Tunisian experts gave presentations on State the obligations of State actors to respect and apply international law, the legal framework governing the application of international law in Tunisia, and the principle of legality and statutory limitations to crimes under international law. They also spoke on the international and domestic definitions of crimes under international law and modes of liability.
Through working group and plenary sessions, the participants discussed options for applying international law and standards at the national level.
Expert speakers included Judge Brahim Weslati, Judge Radhouane Werthy and Imen Soussi.
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